You could also say: ‘ As stated in clause 3, you must …’ or ‘ Under clause 3, you must …’. as plain Legal English for ‘pursuant to’ / ‘under’ / ‘as provided in’ /‘as set out in’), ‘according to’ works, e.g. if ‘ gemäß’ has a similar meaning to ‘in line with’ or ‘in compliance with’ in the context of the relevant clause or sentence (see examples under ‘ in Übereinstimmung mit’ above).įor use in correspondence: when reporting to a client what a clause says (i.e. I would therefore argue that ‘in accordance with’ should only be used if it fits the context precisely i.e.
In my view, ‘in accordance with’ is different to the others and strictly speaking means ‘in line with’ or ‘in compliance with’ (see above). Note: the last four have a similar function, namely to state what is written in a particular clause or law, for example. Strictly speaking, the true meaning of ‘in accordance with’ is ‘in line with’ or ‘in compliance with.’įor use in contract: generally, ‘in accordance with’ / ‘pursuant to’ / ‘under’ / ‘as provided in’ / ‘as set out in’ could be used depending on the context. Examples: The Seller’s obligations in this clause 3 are in accordance with EU law ( contract) OR ‘Our client acted in accordance with / in line with / in compliance with her contractual obligations’ ( correspondence). ‘ in Übereinstimmung mit’ = ‘in accordance with‘. I thought I would share what I wrote in reply to that participant's question, as you might find the information helpful too: In a recent seminar, one of the participants asked me what the appropriate usage is in legal drafting of 'according to' as opposed to 'in accordance with,' particularly as the usage relates to the German expressions ‘ gemäß‘ and ‘ in Übereinstimmung mit.’ This is quite a tricky question, so it's hardly surprising that there are a number of (often conflicting!) views out there.
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